The NCAR Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM), with a quasi-uniform horizontal resolution of $\sim$25km and a vertical resolution of 0.1 scale height, produces large horizontal winds and vertical shears maximizing in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT), similar to those found
Surface observations indicate that the speed of the solar meridional circulation in the photosphere varies in anti-phase with the solar cycle.
Global 3D simulations of solar giant-cell convection have provided significant insight into the processes which yield the Sun’s observed differential rotation and cyclic dynamo action.
In this NASA-led study, we report the concept of using near-real time observations from a coronagraph to provide early warning of a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) and the possible onset of a solar energetic particle (SEP) event.
We develop a three-dimensional kinematic self-sustaining model of the solar dynamo in which the poloidal field generation is from tilted bipolar sunspot pairs placed on the solar surface above regions of strong toroidal field by using the SpotMaker algorithm and then the transport of this poloida
