"Space Weather" is the term used to describe the relentless barrage of particles that bathe the Earth and other planetary bodies of the solar system that originate in the steady evolution, and catastrophic breakdown, of magnetic structures on the Sun.

Nitric oxide (NO) has long been recognized as one of the most important trace constituents in the middle and upper atmosphere.

In 1844 Schwabe discovered that the number of sunspots increased and decreased over a period of about 11 years, that variation became known as the sunspot cycle.

Mausumi Dikpati presents a nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic shallow-water model for the solar tachocline (MHD-SWT) that generates quasi-periodic tachocline nonlinear oscillations (TNOs) that can be identified with the recently discovered solar 'seasons'.

We present observational signatures of solar cycle 25 onset. Those signatures are visibly following a migratory path from high to low latitudes.

Space weather forecasting capability is six decades behind terrestrial weather forecasting," you will often hear at gatherings of scientists determined to understand the connections between our star and our home on Earth. It is an accurate statement in terms of capability.

The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) provides an unparalleled opportunity to explore the (thermal) interface between the chromosphere, transition region, and the coronal plasma observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).