AGU's online Space Weather Journal ran a special "news article" highlighting the Boulder science community anniversaries of several key historical events

Scott McIntosh details the Sun's seasonal weather patterns and demonstrates how understanding the formation, interaction and instability of the Sun's activity bands will considerably improve forecast capability in space weather and solar activity over a range of timescales.

Just as a hurricane drives rain, wind, and floods, the space weather arising from a solar eruption can come in different forms. First comes the light from a solar flare, disrupting high-frequency radio communications at the Earth more or less immediately (eight minutes after leaving the Sun).

For the first time a mesoscale-resolving whole atmosphere general circulation model has been developed.