Research Highlights
Research Highlights
A selection of highlights culled from publications by HAO staff.
Study of Coronal Hole Lifetimes
Ian Hewins, Sarah Gibson, David Webb, Bob McFadden, Thomas Kuchar, and Barbara Emery-Geiger use the McIntosh Archive of solar features to analyze the evolution of coronal holes over more than three solar cycles. They demonstrate that coronal hole positions and lifetimes change dramatically on time scales from months to yrs, and that the pattern of these changes is clearly linked to the solar activity cycle.
Critical Science Plan for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST)
Sarah Gibson, Philip Judge, Mark Rast, Nazaret Bello Gonzalez, Luis Bellot Rubio, and others assert that the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) will revolutionize our ability to measure, understand and model the basic physical processes that control the structure and dynamics of the Sun and its atmosphere.
Predicting the Geoeffectiveness of CMEs Using Machine Learning
Andreea-Clara Pricopi, Alin Razvan Paraschiv, Diana Besliu-Ionescu, and Anca-Nicoleta Marginean state, in the Astrophysical Journal, that coronal mass ejections are the most important space weather phenomena, being associated with large geomagnetic storms, and having the potential to cause disturbances to telecommunications, satellite network disruptions, and power grid damage and failures.
Origin of Dawnside Subauroral Polarization Streams during Major Geomagnetic Storms
Dong Lin, Wenbin Wang, Viacheslav Merkin, and Chaosong Huang show that solar eruptions of mass and magnetic field can trigger geospace storms. The most well-known storm phenomenon is the aurorae in the Earth's high latitude upper atmosphere. They emphasize how extremely high storm activity levels may have severe adverse effects on human society and infrastructure.
Gleissberg Cycle Dependence of Inner Zone Proton Flux
Authors E. J. Bregou, M. K. Hudson, B. T. Kress, M. Qin, and R. S. Selesnick find a long-term increase in measured proton flux over four ~11 year cycles of solar activity. The inner zone proton radiation belt consisting of 10’s to >100 MeV protons trapped in the Earth’s magnetic field is examined from 1980 to mid-2021 using measurements from four NOAA POES satellites.
Planetary wave (PW) generation in the thermosphere driven by the PW-modulated tidal spectrum
J. M. Forbes, X. Zhang, and A. Maute, (2020) use the NCAR thermosphere-ionosphere-
Solar Transition Region UltraViolet Explorer (STRUVE) requirements flow down to design
In this paper, Johnathan Gamaunt, Angelica Berner, Alfred de Wijn, Paul Scowen, and Robert Woodruff, aim to illustrate the flow down of requirements from the mission science objectives to design requirements while also giving an overview of the design developed from the concept study. This mission, funded by NASA, uses the Solar Transition Region UltraViolet Explorer (STRUVE) miniature satellite conceived to study the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere.
A Spectroscopic Survey of Infrared 1–4 μm Spectra in Regions of Prominent Solar Coronal Emission Lines of Fe XIII, Si X, and Si IX
Authors Aatiya Ali, Alin Razvan Paraschiv, Kevin Reardon, and Philip Judge, assert that the infrared solar spectrum contains a wealth of physical data about the Sun and is being explored using modern detectors and technology with new ground-based solar telescopes. One such instrument will be the ground-based Cryogenic Near-IR Spectro-Polarimeter of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope.
Optimal spectral lines for measuring chromospheric magnetic fields
This paper identifies spectral lines from EUV to infrared wavelengths which are optimally suited to measuring vector magnetic fields as high as possible in the solar atmosphere.